diff --git a/Src/Doc/SerializationAttributes.html b/Src/Doc/SerializationAttributes.html
index 5c61ad71..40538e0e 100644
--- a/Src/Doc/SerializationAttributes.html
+++ b/Src/Doc/SerializationAttributes.html
@@ -60,7 +60,12 @@
     JSON array populated with the IEnumerable values. Placing the JsonPropertyAttribute overrides this 
     behavor and forces the serializer to serialize the class's fields and properties.</p>
     <h5>JsonPropertyAttribute</h5>
-<p>Allows the name of the serialized member to be customized. The attribute also indicates that a member should be serialized when member serialization is set to opt-in.</p>
+<p>JsonPropertyAttribute has a number of uses:</p>
+<ul>
+    <li>By default the JSON property will have the same name as the .NET property. This attribute allows the name to be customized.</li>
+    <li>Indicates that a property should be serialized when member serialization is set to opt-in.</li>
+    <li>Includes non-public properties in serialization and deserialization.</li>
+</ul>
     <h5>JsonIgnoreAttribute</h5>
 <p>Excludes a field or property from serialization.</p>
     <h5>JsonConverterAttribute</h5>
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Silverlight.csproj b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Silverlight.csproj
index c9171db4..773b54e2 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Silverlight.csproj
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Silverlight.csproj
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@
     <AssemblyName>Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Silverlight</AssemblyName>
     <TargetFrameworkVersion>v3.5</TargetFrameworkVersion>
     <SilverlightApplication>false</SilverlightApplication>
+    <FileUpgradeFlags>
+    </FileUpgradeFlags>
+    <OldToolsVersion>3.5</OldToolsVersion>
+    <UpgradeBackupLocation>
+    </UpgradeBackupLocation>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
     <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
@@ -195,7 +200,7 @@
       <Name>Newtonsoft.Json.Silverlight</Name>
     </ProjectReference>
   </ItemGroup>
-  <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\Microsoft\Silverlight\v2.0\Microsoft.Silverlight.CSharp.targets" />
+  <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\Silverlight\v3.0\Microsoft.Silverlight.CSharp.targets" Condition="" />
   <!-- To modify your build process, add your task inside one of the targets below and uncomment it. 
        Other similar extension points exist, see Microsoft.Common.targets.
   <Target Name="BeforeBuild">
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.csproj b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.csproj
index a8b752c2..56ffcedf 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.csproj
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.csproj
@@ -113,6 +113,12 @@
     <Compile Include="Linq\ComponentModel\JTypeDescriptorTests.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\JPathTests.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ConstructorHandlingTests.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\ContractResolverTests.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultValueHandlingTests.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\NullValueHandlingTests.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="TestObjects\Car.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="TestObjects\Computer.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="TestObjects\Movie.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestObjects\PersonError.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestObjects\PrivateConstructorTestClass.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TestObjects\PrivateConstructorWithPublicParametizedConstructorTestClass.cs" />
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/PerformanceTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/PerformanceTests.cs
index 0cccbdae..fc6f87b3 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/PerformanceTests.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/PerformanceTests.cs
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests
   public class PerformanceTests : TestFixtureBase
   {
     private int Iterations = 100;
+    //private int Iterations = 5000;
 
     public enum SerializeMethod
     {
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Schema/JsonSchemaGeneratorTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Schema/JsonSchemaGeneratorTests.cs
index 9a765bf3..410d4764 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Schema/JsonSchemaGeneratorTests.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Schema/JsonSchemaGeneratorTests.cs
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Schema
   }
 }", json);
     }
-    
+
 #if !PocketPC
     [Test]
     public void Generate_DefaultValueAttributeTestClass()
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Schema
 
       Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String, schema.Properties["FirstName"].Type);
       Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null, schema.Properties["MiddleName"].Type);
-      Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String, schema.Properties["LastName"].Type);
+      Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null, schema.Properties["LastName"].Type);
       Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String, schema.Properties["BirthDate"].Type);
     }
 
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Schema
 
       JsonSchema schema = generator.Generate(typeof(CircularReferenceWithIdClass));
 
-      Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String, schema.Properties["Name"].Type);
+      Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.String | JsonSchemaType.Null, schema.Properties["Name"].Type);
       Assert.AreEqual("MyExplicitId", schema.Id);
       Assert.AreEqual(JsonSchemaType.Object, schema.Properties["Child"].Type);
       Assert.AreEqual(schema, schema.Properties["Child"]);
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Schema
       {
         IList<JsonProperty> properties = base.CreateProperties(contract);
 
-        JsonPropertyCollection c = new JsonPropertyCollection();
+        JsonPropertyCollection c = new JsonPropertyCollection(contract);
         CollectionUtils.AddRange(c, (IEnumerable)properties.Where(m => m.PropertyName != "Root"));
 
         return c;
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolverTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolverTests.cs
index 811bb882..67fad8d0 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolverTests.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolverTests.cs
@@ -116,7 +116,9 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
 
       Assert.AreEqual("Private!", ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(typeof(PrivateMembersClass).GetField("_privateString", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic), deserializedPrivateMembersClass));
       Assert.AreEqual("Internal!", ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(typeof(PrivateMembersClass).GetField("_internalString", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic), deserializedPrivateMembersClass));
-      Assert.AreEqual(-2, ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(typeof(PrivateMembersClass).GetField("i", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic), deserializedPrivateMembersClass));
+
+      // readonly
+      Assert.AreEqual(0, ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(typeof(PrivateMembersClass).GetField("i", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic), deserializedPrivateMembersClass));
     }
 
     [Test]
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/ContractResolverTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/ContractResolverTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..91721aff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/ContractResolverTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
+{
+  public class DynamicContractResolver : DefaultContractResolver
+  {
+    private readonly char _startingWithChar;
+    public DynamicContractResolver(char startingWithChar)
+    {
+      _startingWithChar = startingWithChar;
+    }
+
+    protected override IList<JsonProperty> CreateProperties(JsonObjectContract contract)
+    {
+      IList<JsonProperty> properties = base.CreateProperties(contract);
+
+      // only serializer properties that start with the specified character
+      properties = 
+        properties.Where(p => p.PropertyName.StartsWith(_startingWithChar.ToString())).ToList();
+
+      return properties;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public class Book
+  {
+    public string BookName { get; set; }
+    public decimal BookPrice { get; set; }
+    public string AuthorName { get; set; }
+    public int AuthorAge { get; set; }
+    public string AuthorCountry { get; set; }
+  }
+
+  public class ContractResolverTests : TestFixtureBase
+  {
+    [Test]
+    public void SingleTypeWithMultipleContractResolvers()
+    {
+      Book book = new Book
+                    {
+                      BookName = "The Gathering Storm",
+                      BookPrice = 16.19m,
+                      AuthorName = "Brandon Sanderson",
+                      AuthorAge = 34,
+                      AuthorCountry = "United States of America"
+                    };
+
+      string startingWithA = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(book, Formatting.Indented,
+        new JsonSerializerSettings { ContractResolver = new DynamicContractResolver('A') });
+
+      // {
+      //   "AuthorName": "Brandon Sanderson",
+      //   "AuthorAge": 34,
+      //   "AuthorCountry": "United States of America"
+      // }
+
+      string startingWithB = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(book, Formatting.Indented,
+        new JsonSerializerSettings { ContractResolver = new DynamicContractResolver('B') });
+
+      // {
+      //   "BookName": "The Gathering Storm",
+      //   "BookPrice": 16.19
+      // }
+
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{
+  ""AuthorName"": ""Brandon Sanderson"",
+  ""AuthorAge"": 34,
+  ""AuthorCountry"": ""United States of America""
+}", startingWithA);
+
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{
+  ""BookName"": ""The Gathering Storm"",
+  ""BookPrice"": 16.19
+}", startingWithB);
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/DefaultValueHandlingTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/DefaultValueHandlingTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..94be042a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/DefaultValueHandlingTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
+{
+  public class DefaultValueHandlingTests : TestFixtureBase
+  {
+    [Test]
+    public void SerializeInvoice()
+    {
+      Invoice invoice = new Invoice
+      {
+        Company = "Acme Ltd.",
+        Amount = 50.0m,
+        Paid = false,
+        FollowUpDays = 30,
+        FollowUpEmailAddress = string.Empty,
+        PaidDate = null
+      };
+
+      string included = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(invoice,
+        Formatting.Indented,
+        new JsonSerializerSettings { });
+
+      // {
+      //   "Company": "Acme Ltd.",
+      //   "Amount": 50.0,
+      //   "Paid": false,
+      //   "PaidDate": null,
+      //   "FollowUpDays": 30,
+      //   "FollowUpEmailAddress": ""
+      // }
+
+      string ignored = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(invoice,
+        Formatting.Indented,
+        new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
+
+      // {
+      //   "Company": "Acme Ltd.",
+      //   "Amount": 50.0
+      // }
+
+      Console.WriteLine(included);
+      Console.WriteLine(ignored);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void DefaultValueAttributeTest()
+    {
+      string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass(),
+        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""TestField1"":0,""TestProperty1"":null}", json);
+
+      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass { TestField1 = int.MinValue, TestProperty1 = "NotDefault" },
+        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""TestField1"":-2147483648,""TestProperty1"":""NotDefault""}", json);
+
+      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass { TestField1 = 21, TestProperty1 = "NotDefault" },
+        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""TestProperty1"":""NotDefault""}", json);
+
+      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass { TestField1 = 21, TestProperty1 = "TestProperty1Value" },
+        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{}", json);
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/JsonSerializerTest.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/JsonSerializerTest.cs
index fc0e3139..bfba81c6 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/JsonSerializerTest.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/JsonSerializerTest.cs
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 using System.Globalization;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
 
 namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
 {
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
       Store deserializedStore = (Store)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonText, typeof(Store));
 
       Assert.AreEqual(store.Establised, deserializedStore.Establised);
+      Assert.AreEqual(store.product.Count, deserializedStore.product.Count);
 
       Console.WriteLine(jsonText);
     }
@@ -509,31 +511,6 @@ keyword such as type of business.""
       CollectionAssert.AreEqual(collection, collectionNew);
     }
 
-    [Test]
-    public void NullValueHandlingSerialization()
-    {
-      Store s1 = new Store();
-
-      JsonSerializer jsonSerializer = new JsonSerializer();
-      jsonSerializer.NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore;
-
-      StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
-      jsonSerializer.Serialize(sw, s1);
-
-      //JsonConvert.ConvertDateTimeToJavaScriptTicks(s1.Establised.DateTime)
-
-      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""Color"":4,""Establised"":""\/Date(1264122061000+0000)\/"",""Width"":1.1,""Employees"":999,""RoomsPerFloor"":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],""Open"":false,""Symbol"":""@"",""Mottos"":[""Hello World"",""öäüÖÄÜ\\'{new Date(12345);}[222]_µ@²³~"",null,"" ""],""Cost"":100980.1,""Escape"":""\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\""'"",""product"":[{""Name"":""Rocket"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(949532490000)\/"",""Price"":0.0},{""Name"":""Alien"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(946684800000)\/"",""Price"":0.0}]}", sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString());
-
-      Store s2 = (Store)jsonSerializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(new StringReader("{}")), typeof(Store));
-      Assert.AreEqual("\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\"\'", s2.Escape);
-
-      Store s3 = (Store)jsonSerializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(@"{""Escape"":null}")), typeof(Store));
-      Assert.AreEqual("\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\"\'", s3.Escape);
-
-      Store s4 = (Store)jsonSerializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(@"{""Color"":2,""Establised"":""\/Date(1264071600000+1300)\/"",""Width"":1.1,""Employees"":999,""RoomsPerFloor"":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],""Open"":false,""Symbol"":""@"",""Mottos"":[""Hello World"",""öäüÖÄÜ\\'{new Date(12345);}[222]_µ@²³~"",null,"" ""],""Cost"":100980.1,""Escape"":""\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\""'"",""product"":[{""Name"":""Rocket"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(949485690000+1300)\/"",""Price"":0},{""Name"":""Alien"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(946638000000)\/"",""Price"":0.0}]}")), typeof(Store));
-      Assert.AreEqual(s1.Establised, s3.Establised);
-    }
-
     [Test]
     public void SerializeObject()
     {
@@ -860,49 +837,6 @@ keyword such as type of business.""
       Assert.AreEqual(@"{""Id"":0}", json);
     }
 
-    [Test]
-    public void DefaultValueAttributeTest()
-    {
-      string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass(),
-        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
-      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""TestField1"":0,""TestProperty1"":null}", json);
-
-      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass { TestField1 = int.MinValue, TestProperty1 = "NotDefault" },
-        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
-      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""TestField1"":-2147483648,""TestProperty1"":""NotDefault""}", json);
-
-      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass { TestField1 = 21, TestProperty1 = "NotDefault" },
-        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
-      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""TestProperty1"":""NotDefault""}", json);
-
-      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DefaultValueAttributeTestClass { TestField1 = 21, TestProperty1 = "TestProperty1Value" },
-        Formatting.None, new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
-      Assert.AreEqual(@"{}", json);
-    }
-
-    [Test]
-    public void SerializeInvoice()
-    {
-      Invoice invoice = new Invoice
-                        {
-                          Company = "Acme Ltd.",
-                          Amount = 50.0m,
-                          Paid = false
-                        };
-
-      string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(invoice);
-
-      Console.WriteLine(json);
-      // {"Company":"Acme Ltd.","Amount":50.0,"Paid":false,"PaidDate":null}
-
-      json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(invoice,
-        Formatting.None,
-        new JsonSerializerSettings { DefaultValueHandling = DefaultValueHandling.Ignore });
-
-      Console.WriteLine(json);
-      // {"Company":"Acme Ltd.","Amount":50.0}
-    }
-
     [Test]
     public void DeserializeNullable()
     {
@@ -1024,7 +958,7 @@ keyword such as type of business.""
     public void RequiredMembersClassWithNullValues()
     {
       string json = @"{
-  ""FirstName"": null,
+  ""FirstName"": ""I can't be null bro!"",
   ""MiddleName"": null,
   ""LastName"": null,
   ""BirthDate"": ""\/Date(977309755000)\/""
@@ -1032,7 +966,23 @@ keyword such as type of business.""
 
       RequiredMembersClass c = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<RequiredMembersClass>(json);
 
-      Assert.AreEqual(null, c.FirstName);
+      Assert.AreEqual("I can't be null bro!", c.FirstName);
+      Assert.AreEqual(null, c.MiddleName);
+      Assert.AreEqual(null, c.LastName);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = "Required property 'FirstName' expects a value but got null.")]
+    public void RequiredMembersClassNullRequiredValueProperty()
+    {
+      string json = @"{
+  ""FirstName"": null,
+  ""MiddleName"": null,
+  ""LastName"": null,
+  ""BirthDate"": ""\/Date(977309755000)\/""
+}";
+
+      JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<RequiredMembersClass>(json);
     }
 
     [Test]
@@ -1815,20 +1765,151 @@ keyword such as type of business.""
     }
 
     [Test]
-    public void DeserializeNullableListWithNullss()
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Cannot deserialize JSON array into type 'Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects.Person'.")]
+    public void CannotDeserializeArrayIntoObject()
     {
-      //JavaScriptSerializer s = new JavaScriptSerializer();
-      //s.Deserialize<List<decimal?>>("[ 3.3, null, 1.1 ] ");
+      string json = @"[]";
 
-      //DataContractJsonSerializer s = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(List<decimal?>));
-      //s.ReadObject(new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("[ 3.3, null, 1.1 ] ")));
+      JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Person>(json);
+    }
 
-      List<decimal?> l = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<decimal?>>("[ 3.3, null, 1.1 ] ");
-      Assert.AreEqual(3, l.Count);
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Cannot deserialize JSON object into type 'System.Collections.Generic.List`1[Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects.Person]'.")]
+    public void CannotDeserializeObjectIntoArray()
+    {
+      string json = @"{}";
 
-      Assert.AreEqual(3.3m, l[0]);
-      Assert.AreEqual(null, l[1]);
-      Assert.AreEqual(1.1m, l[2]);
+      JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Person>>(json);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Cannot populate JSON array onto type 'Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects.Person'.")]
+    public void CannotPopulateArrayIntoObject()
+    {
+      string json = @"[]";
+
+      JsonConvert.PopulateObject(json, new Person());
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Cannot populate JSON object onto type 'System.Collections.Generic.List`1[Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects.Person]'.")]
+    public void CannotPopulateObjectIntoArray()
+    {
+      string json = @"{}";
+
+      JsonConvert.PopulateObject(json, new List<Person>());
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void DeserializeEmptyString()
+    {
+      string json = @"{""Name"":""""}";
+
+      Person p = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Person>(json);
+      Assert.AreEqual("", p.Name);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Error getting value from 'ReadTimeout' on 'System.IO.MemoryStream'.")]
+    public void SerializePropertyGetError()
+    {
+      JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new MemoryStream());
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Error setting value to 'ReadTimeout' on 'System.IO.MemoryStream'.")]
+    public void DeserializePropertySetError()
+    {
+      JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<MemoryStream>("{ReadTimeout:0}");
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Error converting value """" to type 'System.Int32'.")]
+    public void DeserializeEnsureTypeEmptyStringToIntError()
+    {
+      JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<MemoryStream>("{ReadTimeout:''}");
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    [ExpectedException(typeof(JsonSerializationException), ExpectedMessage = @"Error converting value {null} to type 'System.Int32'.")]
+    public void DeserializeEnsureTypeNullToIntError()
+    {
+      JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<MemoryStream>("{ReadTimeout:null}");
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void SerializeGenericListOfStrings()
+    {
+      List<String> strings = new List<String>();
+
+      strings.Add("str_1");
+      strings.Add("str_2");
+      strings.Add("str_3");
+
+      string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(strings);
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"[""str_1"",""str_2"",""str_3""]", json);
+    }
+
+    public class ConstructorReadonlyFields
+    {
+      public readonly string A;
+      public readonly int B;
+
+      public ConstructorReadonlyFields(string a, int b)
+      {
+        A = a;
+        B = b;
+      }
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void ConstructorReadonlyFieldsTest()
+    {
+      ConstructorReadonlyFields c1 = new ConstructorReadonlyFields("String!", int.MaxValue);
+      string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(c1, Formatting.Indented);
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{
+  ""A"": ""String!"",
+  ""B"": 2147483647
+}", json);
+
+      ConstructorReadonlyFields c2 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ConstructorReadonlyFields>(json);
+      Assert.AreEqual("String!", c2.A);
+      Assert.AreEqual(int.MaxValue, c2.B);
+    }
+
+    public struct StructTest
+    {
+      public string StringProperty { get; set; }
+      public string StringField;
+      public int IntProperty { get; set; }
+      public int IntField;
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void SerializeStruct()
+    {
+      StructTest structTest = new StructTest
+                                {
+                                  StringProperty = "StringProperty!",
+                                  StringField = "StringField",
+                                  IntProperty = 5,
+                                  IntField = 10
+                                };
+
+      string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(structTest, Formatting.Indented);
+      Console.WriteLine(json);
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{
+  ""StringField"": ""StringField"",
+  ""IntField"": 10,
+  ""StringProperty"": ""StringProperty!"",
+  ""IntProperty"": 5
+}", json);
+
+      StructTest deserialized = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<StructTest>(json);
+      Assert.AreEqual(structTest.StringProperty, deserialized.StringProperty);
+      Assert.AreEqual(structTest.StringField, deserialized.StringField);
+      Assert.AreEqual(structTest.IntProperty, deserialized.IntProperty);
+      Assert.AreEqual(structTest.IntField, deserialized.IntField);
     }
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/NullValueHandlingTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/NullValueHandlingTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f7abe806
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/NullValueHandlingTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects;
+using NUnit.Framework;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
+{
+  public class NullValueHandlingTests : TestFixtureBase
+  {
+    [Test]
+    public void NullValueHandlingSerialization()
+    {
+      Store s1 = new Store();
+
+      JsonSerializer jsonSerializer = new JsonSerializer();
+      jsonSerializer.NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore;
+
+      StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
+      jsonSerializer.Serialize(sw, s1);
+
+      //JsonConvert.ConvertDateTimeToJavaScriptTicks(s1.Establised.DateTime)
+
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{""Color"":4,""Establised"":""\/Date(1264122061000+0000)\/"",""Width"":1.1,""Employees"":999,""RoomsPerFloor"":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],""Open"":false,""Symbol"":""@"",""Mottos"":[""Hello World"",""öäüÖÄÜ\\'{new Date(12345);}[222]_µ@²³~"",null,"" ""],""Cost"":100980.1,""Escape"":""\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\""'"",""product"":[{""Name"":""Rocket"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(949532490000)\/"",""Price"":0.0},{""Name"":""Alien"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(946684800000)\/"",""Price"":0.0}]}", sw.GetStringBuilder().ToString());
+
+      Store s2 = (Store)jsonSerializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(new StringReader("{}")), typeof(Store));
+      Assert.AreEqual("\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\"\'", s2.Escape);
+
+      Store s3 = (Store)jsonSerializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(@"{""Escape"":null}")), typeof(Store));
+      Assert.AreEqual("\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\"\'", s3.Escape);
+
+      Store s4 = (Store)jsonSerializer.Deserialize(new JsonTextReader(new StringReader(@"{""Color"":2,""Establised"":""\/Date(1264071600000+1300)\/"",""Width"":1.1,""Employees"":999,""RoomsPerFloor"":[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9],""Open"":false,""Symbol"":""@"",""Mottos"":[""Hello World"",""öäüÖÄÜ\\'{new Date(12345);}[222]_µ@²³~"",null,"" ""],""Cost"":100980.1,""Escape"":""\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\""'"",""product"":[{""Name"":""Rocket"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(949485690000+1300)\/"",""Price"":0},{""Name"":""Alien"",""ExpiryDate"":""\/Date(946638000000)\/"",""Price"":0.0}]}")), typeof(Store));
+      Assert.AreEqual(s1.Establised, s3.Establised);
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public void NullValueHandlingBlogPost()
+    {
+      Movie movie = new Movie();
+      movie.Name = "Bad Boys III";
+      movie.Description = "It's no Bad Boys";
+
+      string included = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(movie,
+        Formatting.Indented,
+        new JsonSerializerSettings { });
+
+      // {
+      //   "Name": "Bad Boys III",
+      //   "Description": "It's no Bad Boys",
+      //   "Classification": null,
+      //   "Studio": null,
+      //   "ReleaseDate": null,
+      //   "ReleaseCountries": null
+      // }
+
+      string ignored = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(movie,
+        Formatting.Indented,
+        new JsonSerializerSettings { NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore });
+
+      // {
+      //   "Name": "Bad Boys III",
+      //   "Description": "It's no Bad Boys"
+      // }
+
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{
+  ""Name"": ""Bad Boys III"",
+  ""Description"": ""It's no Bad Boys"",
+  ""Classification"": null,
+  ""Studio"": null,
+  ""ReleaseDate"": null,
+  ""ReleaseCountries"": null
+}", included);
+
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"{
+  ""Name"": ""Bad Boys III"",
+  ""Description"": ""It's no Bad Boys""
+}", ignored);
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationErrorHandlingTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationErrorHandlingTests.cs
index 2cd9f01a..92cbdbf9 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationErrorHandlingTests.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationErrorHandlingTests.cs
@@ -327,12 +327,13 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
 
         serializer.Deserialize(new StringReader(json), typeof(List<List<DateTime>>));
       }
-      catch
+      catch (Exception ex)
       {
+        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
       }
 
       Assert.AreEqual(1, errors.Count);
-      Assert.AreEqual("Could not cast or convert from System.String to System.DateTime.", errors[0]);
+      Assert.AreEqual(@"Error converting value ""kjhkjhkjhkjh"" to type 'System.DateTime'.", errors[0]);
     }
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationEventAttributeTests.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationEventAttributeTests.cs
index 7a703904..f5257e0e 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationEventAttributeTests.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/Serialization/SerializationEventAttributeTests.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #endregion
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT && !NET20
+#if !PocketPC && !NET20
 using System;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
       Assert.AreEqual("This value was reset after serialization.", obj.Member2);
       Assert.AreEqual("This is a nonserialized value", obj.Member3);
       Assert.AreEqual(null, obj.Member4);
-      Assert.AreEqual("Error message for member Member6 = Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.", obj.Member5);
+      Assert.AreEqual("Error message for member Member6 = Error getting value from 'Member6' on 'Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects.SerializationEventTestObject'.", obj.Member5);
 
       JObject o = JObject.Parse(@"{
   ""Member1"": 11,
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization
       Assert.AreEqual("This value went into the data file during serialization.", obj.Member2);
       Assert.AreEqual("This value was set during deserialization", obj.Member3);
       Assert.AreEqual("This value was set after deserialization.", obj.Member4);
-      Assert.AreEqual("Error message for member Member6 = Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.", obj.Member5);
+      Assert.AreEqual("Error message for member Member6 = Error setting value to 'Member6' on 'Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects.SerializationEventTestObject'.", obj.Member5);
     }
 
     [Test]
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Car.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Car.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0e27200e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Car.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
+{
+  public class Car
+  {
+    // included in JSON
+    public string Model { get; set; }
+    public DateTime Year { get; set; }
+    public List<string> Features { get; set; }
+
+    // ignored
+    [JsonIgnore]
+    public DateTime LastModified { get; set; }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceClass.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceClass.cs
index fe92bd1d..5c313b40 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceClass.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceClass.cs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
 {
   public class CircularReferenceClass
   {
-    [JsonProperty(IsRequired = true)]
+    [JsonProperty(Required = Required.Always)]
     public string Name { get; set; }
     public CircularReferenceClass Child { get; set; }
   }
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceWithIdClass.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceWithIdClass.cs
index 8c182413..4d4c8671 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceWithIdClass.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/CircularReferenceWithIdClass.cs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
   [JsonObject(Id = "MyExplicitId")]
   public class CircularReferenceWithIdClass
   {
-    [JsonProperty(IsRequired = true)]
+    [JsonProperty(Required = Required.AllowNull)]
     public string Name { get; set; }
     public CircularReferenceWithIdClass Child { get; set; }
   }
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Computer.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Computer.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f056c230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Computer.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Runtime.Serialization;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
+{
+  [DataContract]
+  public class Computer
+  {
+    // included in JSON
+    [DataMember]
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+    [DataMember]
+    public decimal SalePrice { get; set; }
+
+    // ignored
+    public string Manufacture { get; set; }
+    public int StockCount { get; set; }
+    public decimal WholeSalePrice { get; set; }
+    public DateTime NextShipmentDate { get; set; }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Invoice.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Invoice.cs
index 7d0554b6..d10bb09e 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Invoice.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Invoice.cs
@@ -32,9 +32,16 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
   {
     public string Company { get; set; }
     public decimal Amount { get; set; }
-    [DefaultValue(false)]
+
+    // false is default value of bool
     public bool Paid { get; set; }
-    [DefaultValue(null)]
+    // null is default value of nullable
     public DateTime? PaidDate { get; set; }
+
+    // customize default values
+    [DefaultValue(30)]
+    public int FollowUpDays { get; set; }
+    [DefaultValue("")]
+    public string FollowUpEmailAddress { get; set; }
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Movie.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Movie.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..40dbba2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Movie.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
+{
+  public class Movie
+  {
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+    public string Description { get; set; }
+    public string Classification { get; set; }
+    public string Studio { get; set; }
+    public DateTime? ReleaseDate { get; set; }
+    public List<string> ReleaseCountries { get; set; }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/RequiredMembersClass.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/RequiredMembersClass.cs
index ae62e9d8..ce2f5b0b 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/RequiredMembersClass.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/RequiredMembersClass.cs
@@ -32,16 +32,16 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
 {
   public class RequiredMembersClass
   {
-    [JsonProperty(IsRequired = true)]
+    [JsonProperty(Required = Required.Always)]
     public string FirstName { get; set; }
 
     [JsonProperty]
     public string MiddleName { get; set; }
 
-    [JsonProperty(IsRequired = true)]
+    [JsonProperty(Required = Required.AllowNull)]
     public string LastName { get; set; }
 
-    [JsonProperty(IsRequired = true)]
+    [JsonProperty(Required = Required.Default)]
     public DateTime BirthDate { get; set; }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestDictionary.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestDictionary.cs
index 4881818f..e50e943b 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestDictionary.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestDictionary.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #endregion
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestList.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestList.cs
index 0583b735..c21c325f 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestList.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestList.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #endregion
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.Serialization;
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObject.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObject.cs
index 8c9d4374..0e8ef23e 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObject.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObject.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #endregion
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT && !NET20
+#if !PocketPC && !NET20
 using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObjectWithConstructor.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObjectWithConstructor.cs
index 6b315272..d642c2cf 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObjectWithConstructor.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/SerializationEventTestObjectWithConstructor.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 // OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #endregion
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
 using System;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Store.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Store.cs
index 2df80049..a64aa2e2 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Store.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json.Tests/TestObjects/Store.cs
@@ -37,9 +37,11 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Tests.TestObjects
     public int[] RoomsPerFloor = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
     public bool Open = false;
     public char Symbol = '@';
+    [JsonProperty(ObjectCreationHandling = ObjectCreationHandling.Replace)]
     public List<string> Mottos = new List<string>();
     public decimal Cost = 100980.1M;
     public string Escape = "\r\n\t\f\b?{\\r\\n\"\'";
+    [JsonProperty(ObjectCreationHandling = ObjectCreationHandling.Replace)]
     public List<Product> product = new List<Product>();
 
     public Store()
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/BinaryConverter.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/BinaryConverter.cs
index 32e159de..01ac5afd 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/BinaryConverter.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/BinaryConverter.cs
@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-#if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC && !NET20
-using System.Data.Linq;
-#endif
 #if !SILVERLIGHT
 using System.Data.SqlTypes;
 #endif
@@ -38,11 +35,22 @@ using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
 
 namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
 {
+#if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC && !NET20
+  internal interface IBinary
+  {
+    byte[] ToArray();
+  }
+#endif
+
   /// <summary>
   /// Converts a binary value to and from a base 64 string value.
   /// </summary>
   public class BinaryConverter : JsonConverter
   {
+#if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC && !NET20
+    private const string BinaryTypeName = "System.Data.Linq.Binary";
+#endif
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Writes the JSON representation of the object.
     /// </summary>
@@ -68,8 +76,11 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
     private byte[] GetByteArray(object value)
     {
 #if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC && !NET20
-      if (value is Binary)
-        return ((Binary)value).ToArray();
+      if (value.GetType().AssignableToTypeName(BinaryTypeName))
+      {
+        IBinary binary = DynamicWrapper.CreateWrapper<IBinary>(value);
+        return binary.ToArray();
+      }
 #endif
 #if !SILVERLIGHT
       if (value is SqlBinary)
@@ -110,8 +121,8 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
         return data;
 
 #if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC && !NET20
-      if (typeof(Binary).IsAssignableFrom(t))
-        return new Binary(data);
+      if (t.AssignableToTypeName(BinaryTypeName))
+        return Activator.CreateInstance(t, data);
 #endif
 #if !SILVERLIGHT
       if (typeof(SqlBinary).IsAssignableFrom(t))
@@ -137,7 +148,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
         return true;
 
 #if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC && !NET20
-      if (typeof(Binary).IsAssignableFrom(t))
+      if (t.AssignableToTypeName(BinaryTypeName))
         return true;
 #endif
 #if !SILVERLIGHT
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/EntityKeyMemberConverter.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/EntityKeyMemberConverter.cs
index bfa52225..31064713 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/EntityKeyMemberConverter.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Converters/EntityKeyMemberConverter.cs
@@ -26,17 +26,28 @@
 #if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT && !NET20
 using System;
 using System.Data;
+using System.Reflection;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;
 using System.Globalization;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Reflection.Emit;
 
 namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
 {
+  internal interface IEntityKeyMember
+  {
+    string Key { get; set; }
+    object Value { get; set; }
+  }
+
   /// <summary>
   /// Converts an Entity Framework EntityKey to and from JSON.
   /// </summary>
   public class EntityKeyMemberConverter : JsonConverter
   {
+    private const string EntityKeyMemberFullTypeName = "System.Data.EntityKeyMember";
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Writes the JSON representation of the object.
     /// </summary>
@@ -45,7 +56,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
     /// <param name="serializer">The calling serializer.</param>
     public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
     {
-      EntityKeyMember entityKeyMember = (EntityKeyMember) value;
+      IEntityKeyMember entityKeyMember = DynamicWrapper.CreateWrapper<IEntityKeyMember>(value);
       Type keyType = (entityKeyMember.Value != null) ? entityKeyMember.Value.GetType() : null;
 
       writer.WriteStartObject();
@@ -95,7 +106,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
     /// <returns>The object value.</returns>
     public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, JsonSerializer serializer)
     {
-      EntityKeyMember entityKeyMember = new EntityKeyMember();
+      IEntityKeyMember entityKeyMember = DynamicWrapper.CreateWrapper<IEntityKeyMember>(Activator.CreateInstance(objectType));
 
       ReadAndAssertProperty(reader, "Key");
       ReadAndAssert(reader);
@@ -113,7 +124,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
 
       ReadAndAssert(reader);
 
-      return entityKeyMember;
+      return DynamicWrapper.GetUnderlyingObject(entityKeyMember);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -125,7 +136,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Converters
     /// </returns>
     public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
     {
-      return typeof(EntityKeyMember).IsAssignableFrom(objectType);
+      return (objectType.AssignableToTypeName(EntityKeyMemberFullTypeName));
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Dynamic.snk b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Dynamic.snk
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2225208a
Binary files /dev/null and b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Dynamic.snk differ
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/JsonPropertyAttribute.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/JsonPropertyAttribute.cs
index a57db621..bde08649 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/JsonPropertyAttribute.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/JsonPropertyAttribute.cs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json
     internal NullValueHandling? _nullValueHandling;
     internal DefaultValueHandling? _defaultValueHandling;
     internal ReferenceLoopHandling? _referenceLoopHandling;
+    internal ObjectCreationHandling? _objectCreationHandling;
     internal bool? _isReference;
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -45,6 +46,16 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json
       set { _referenceLoopHandling = value; }
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets or sets the object creation handling used when deserializing this property.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <value>The object creation handling.</value>
+    public ObjectCreationHandling ObjectCreationHandling
+    {
+      get { return _objectCreationHandling ?? default(ObjectCreationHandling); }
+      set { _objectCreationHandling = value; }
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets whether this property's value is serialized as a reference.
     /// </summary>
@@ -65,9 +76,9 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json
     /// Gets or sets a value indicating whether this property is required.
     /// </summary>
     /// <value>
-    /// 	<c>true</c> if this property is required; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
+    /// 	A value indicating whether this property is required.
     /// </value>
-    public bool IsRequired { get; set; }
+    public Required Required { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JsonPropertyAttribute"/> class.
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Compact.csproj b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Compact.csproj
index a45bdf8e..4e07914a 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Compact.csproj
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Compact.csproj
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Linq\JProperty.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\JValue.cs" />
     <Compile Include="PreserveReferencesHandling.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Required.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Schema\Extensions.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Schema\JsonSchemaException.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Schema\JsonSchemaModel.cs" />
@@ -128,10 +129,12 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultReferenceResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultSerializationBinder.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\DynamicValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorContext.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorEventArgs.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\IContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\IReferenceResolver.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\IValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonArrayContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonDictionaryContract.cs" />
@@ -153,6 +156,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonSerializerProxy.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonTypeReflector.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\OnErrorAttribute.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\ReflectionValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="StreamingContext.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TypeNameHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\BidirectionalDictionary.cs" />
@@ -160,6 +164,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Utilities\CollectionWrapper.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\DateTimeUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\DictionaryWrapper.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\DynamicWrapper.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\EnumUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\EnumValue.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\EnumValues.cs" />
@@ -168,6 +173,7 @@
     <Compile Include="JsonWriter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\CollectionUtils.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\ListWrapper.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\MathUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\MiscellaneousUtils.cs" />
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Net20.csproj b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Net20.csproj
index 63d83c86..b8f3ec9d 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Net20.csproj
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Net20.csproj
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Linq\ComponentModel\JTypeDescriptionProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\ComponentModel\JTypeDescriptor.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\JPath.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Required.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultReferenceResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="PreserveReferencesHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IJsonLineInfo.cs" />
@@ -146,9 +147,11 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultSerializationBinder.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\DynamicValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorContext.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorEventArgs.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\IContractResolver.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\IValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonArrayContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonDictionaryContract.cs" />
@@ -171,6 +174,9 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonTypeReflector.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\CachedAttributeGetter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\OnErrorAttribute.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\ReflectionValueProvider.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\DynamicWrapper.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\ThreadSafeStore.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TypeNameHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\BidirectionalDictionary.cs" />
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Silverlight.csproj b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Silverlight.csproj
index 10e55eb7..f5c4a81b 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Silverlight.csproj
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.Silverlight.csproj
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@
     <SilverlightApplication>false</SilverlightApplication>
     <ValidateXaml>true</ValidateXaml>
     <ThrowErrorsInValidation>false</ThrowErrorsInValidation>
+    <FileUpgradeFlags>
+    </FileUpgradeFlags>
+    <OldToolsVersion>3.5</OldToolsVersion>
+    <UpgradeBackupLocation>
+    </UpgradeBackupLocation>
   </PropertyGroup>
   <PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'Debug|AnyCPU' ">
     <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
@@ -110,16 +115,19 @@
     <Compile Include="PreserveReferencesHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs" />
     <Compile Include="ReferenceLoopHandling.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Required.cs" />
     <Compile Include="SerializationBinder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\CachedAttributeGetter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultReferenceResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultSerializationBinder.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\DynamicValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorContext.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorEventArgs.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\IContractResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\IReferenceResolver.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\IValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonArrayContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonDictionaryContract.cs" />
@@ -131,6 +139,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonSerializerInternalReader.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonSerializerInternalWriter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\OnErrorAttribute.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\ReflectionValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="StreamingContext.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TypeNameHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\BidirectionalDictionary.cs" />
@@ -139,10 +148,12 @@
     <Compile Include="Utilities\ConvertUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\DateTimeUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\DictionaryWrapper.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\DynamicWrapper.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\EnumUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\EnumValue.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\EnumValues.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\JavaScriptUtils.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\ListWrapper.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\MathUtils.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\MiscellaneousUtils.cs" />
@@ -169,7 +180,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Schema\JsonSchemaType.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonTypeReflector.cs" />
   </ItemGroup>
-  <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\Microsoft\Silverlight\v2.0\Microsoft.Silverlight.CSharp.targets" />
+  <Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath32)\Microsoft\Silverlight\v3.0\Microsoft.Silverlight.CSharp.targets" Condition="" />
   <!-- To modify your build process, add your task inside one of the targets below and uncomment it. 
        Other similar extension points exist, see Microsoft.Common.targets.
   <Target Name="BeforeBuild">
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.csproj b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.csproj
index 76bd1db8..21868f08 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.csproj
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Newtonsoft.Json.csproj
@@ -72,12 +72,6 @@
       <RequiredTargetFramework>3.5</RequiredTargetFramework>
     </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Data" />
-    <Reference Include="System.Data.Entity">
-      <RequiredTargetFramework>3.5</RequiredTargetFramework>
-    </Reference>
-    <Reference Include="System.Data.Linq">
-      <RequiredTargetFramework>3.5</RequiredTargetFramework>
-    </Reference>
     <Reference Include="System.Drawing" />
     <Reference Include="System.Runtime.Serialization">
       <RequiredTargetFramework>3.0</RequiredTargetFramework>
@@ -94,6 +88,8 @@
     <Compile Include="Converters\StringEnumConverter.cs" />
     <Compile Include="ConstructorHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\JPath.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Required.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\DynamicValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorEventArgs.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\ComponentModel\JPropertyDescriptor.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Linq\ComponentModel\JTypeDescriptionProvider.cs" />
@@ -158,6 +154,7 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\DefaultSerializationBinder.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\ErrorContext.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\IContractResolver.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\IValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonArrayContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonContract.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonDictionaryContract.cs" />
@@ -179,7 +176,10 @@
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonSerializerProxy.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\JsonTypeReflector.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\CachedAttributeGetter.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Serialization\ReflectionValueProvider.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Serialization\OnErrorAttribute.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\DynamicWrapper.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Utilities\LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\ThreadSafeStore.cs" />
     <Compile Include="TypeNameHandling.cs" />
     <Compile Include="Utilities\BidirectionalDictionary.cs" />
@@ -220,5 +220,8 @@
       <Install>false</Install>
     </BootstrapperPackage>
   </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Dynamic.snk" />
+  </ItemGroup>
   <Import Project="$(MSBuildBinPath)\Microsoft.CSharp.targets" />
 </Project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs
index 2bfd2394..f39102e3 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Properties/AssemblyInfo.cs
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ using System.Security;
 
 #endif
 
+[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("Newtonsoft.Json.Dynamic, PublicKey=0024000004800000940000000602000000240000525341310004000001000100cbd8d53b9d7de30f1f1278f636ec462cf9c254991291e66ebb157a885638a517887633b898ccbcf0d5c5ff7be85a6abe9e765d0ac7cd33c68dac67e7e64530e8222101109f154ab14a941c490ac155cd1d4fcba0fabb49016b4ef28593b015cab5937da31172f03f67d09edda404b88a60023f062ae71d0b2e4438b74cc11dc9")]
+
 
 
 [assembly: AssemblyDescription("")]
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Required.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Required.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5777a7c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Required.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json
+{
+  public enum Required
+  {
+    Default,
+    AllowNull,
+    Always
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Schema/JsonSchemaGenerator.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Schema/JsonSchemaGenerator.cs
index 1b76a1e1..fee72dbd 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Schema/JsonSchemaGenerator.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Schema/JsonSchemaGenerator.cs
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Schema
 
       _resolver = resolver;
 
-      return GenerateInternal(type, !rootSchemaNullable);
+      return GenerateInternal(type, (!rootSchemaNullable) ? Required.Always : Required.Default);
     }
 
     private string GetTitle(Type type)
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Schema
       }
     }
 
-    private JsonSchema GenerateInternal(Type type, bool valueRequired)
+    private JsonSchema GenerateInternal(Type type, Required valueRequired)
     {
       ValidationUtils.ArgumentNotNull(type, "type");
 
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Schema
           // can be converted to a string
           if (typeof (IConvertible).IsAssignableFrom(keyType))
           {
-            CurrentSchema.AdditionalProperties = GenerateInternal(valueType, false);
+            CurrentSchema.AdditionalProperties = GenerateInternal(valueType, Required.Default);
           }
         }
       }
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Schema
         if (collectionItemType != null)
         {
           CurrentSchema.Items = new List<JsonSchema>();
-          CurrentSchema.Items.Add(GenerateInternal(collectionItemType, !allowNullItem));
+          CurrentSchema.Items.Add(GenerateInternal(collectionItemType, (!allowNullItem) ? Required.Always : Required.Default));
         }
       }
       else
@@ -295,8 +295,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Schema
           {
             if (!property.Ignored)
             {
-              Type propertyMemberType = ReflectionUtils.GetMemberUnderlyingType(property.Member);
-              JsonSchema propertySchema = GenerateInternal(propertyMemberType, property.Required);
+              JsonSchema propertySchema = GenerateInternal(property.PropertyType, property.Required);
 
               if (property.DefaultValue != null)
                 propertySchema.Default = JToken.FromObject(property.DefaultValue);
@@ -336,10 +335,10 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Schema
       return ((value & flag) == flag);
     }
 
-    private JsonSchemaType GetJsonSchemaType(Type type, bool valueRequired)
+    private JsonSchemaType GetJsonSchemaType(Type type, Required valueRequired)
     {
       JsonSchemaType schemaType = JsonSchemaType.None;
-      if (!valueRequired && ReflectionUtils.IsNullable(type))
+      if (valueRequired != Required.Always && ReflectionUtils.IsNullable(type))
       {
         schemaType = JsonSchemaType.Null;
         if (ReflectionUtils.IsNullableType(type))
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DefaultContractResolver.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DefaultContractResolver.cs
index d8ada149..7e66a6ba 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DefaultContractResolver.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DefaultContractResolver.cs
@@ -32,9 +32,6 @@ using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT && !NET20
-using System.Data.Objects.DataClasses;
-#endif
 
 namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 {
@@ -106,8 +103,9 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       }
 
 #if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT && !NET20
+      Type match;
       // don't include EntityKey on entities objects... this is a bit hacky
-      if (typeof(EntityObject).IsAssignableFrom(objectType))
+      if (objectType.AssignableToTypeName("System.Data.Objects.DataClasses.EntityObject", out match))
         serializableMembers = serializableMembers.Where(ShouldSerializeEntityMember).ToList();
 #endif
 
@@ -120,7 +118,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       PropertyInfo propertyInfo = memberInfo as PropertyInfo;
       if (propertyInfo != null)
       {
-        if (propertyInfo.PropertyType.IsGenericType && propertyInfo.PropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(EntityReference<>))
+        if (propertyInfo.PropertyType.IsGenericType && propertyInfo.PropertyType.GetGenericTypeDefinition().FullName == "System.Data.Objects.DataClasses.EntityReference`1")
           return false;
       }
 
@@ -140,7 +138,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
       contract.MemberSerialization = JsonTypeReflector.GetObjectMemberSerialization(objectType);
       contract.Properties.AddRange(CreateProperties(contract));
-      if (contract.DefaultContstructor == null || contract.DefaultContstructor.IsPrivate)
+      if (contract.DefaultCreator == null || contract.DefaultCreatorNonPublic)
         contract.ParametrizedConstructor = GetParametrizedConstructor(objectType);
 
       return contract;
@@ -173,16 +171,32 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       }
 #endif
 
-      contract.DefaultContstructor =
-        ReflectionUtils.GetDefaultConstructor(contract.CreatedType, false) ??
-        ReflectionUtils.GetDefaultConstructor(contract.CreatedType, true);
+      if (ReflectionUtils.HasDefaultConstructor(contract.CreatedType, true)
+        || contract.CreatedType.IsValueType)
+      {
+#if !PocketPC
+        contract.DefaultCreator = LateBoundDelegateFactory.CreateDefaultConstructor(contract.CreatedType);
+#else
+        ConstructorInfo constructorInfo = ReflectionUtils.GetDefaultConstructor(contract.CreatedType, true);
+
+        contract.DefaultCreator = () =>
+                                    {
+                                      if (contract.CreatedType.IsValueType)
+                                        return Activator.CreateInstance(contract.CreatedType);
+
+                                      return constructorInfo.Invoke(null);
+                                    };
+#endif
+        contract.DefaultCreatorNonPublic = (!contract.CreatedType.IsValueType &&
+                                            ReflectionUtils.GetDefaultConstructor(contract.CreatedType) == null);
+      }
 
       foreach (MethodInfo method in contract.UnderlyingType.GetMethods(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly))
       {
         Type prevAttributeType = null;
         ParameterInfo[] parameters = method.GetParameters();
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT && !NET20
+#if !PocketPC && !NET20
         if (IsValidCallback(method, parameters, typeof(OnSerializingAttribute), contract.OnSerializing, ref prevAttributeType))
         {
           contract.OnSerializing = method;
@@ -303,7 +317,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       if (members == null)
         throw new JsonSerializationException("Null collection of seralizable members returned.");
 
-      JsonPropertyCollection properties = new JsonPropertyCollection();
+      JsonPropertyCollection properties = new JsonPropertyCollection(contract);
 
       foreach (MemberInfo member in members)
       {
@@ -325,7 +339,13 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     protected virtual JsonProperty CreateProperty(JsonObjectContract contract, MemberInfo member)
     {
       JsonProperty property = new JsonProperty();
-      property.Member = member;
+      property.PropertyType = ReflectionUtils.GetMemberUnderlyingType(member);
+#if !PocketPC
+      property.ValueProvider = new DynamicValueProvider(member);
+#else
+      property.ValueProvider = new ReflectionValueProvider(member);
+#endif
+      property.Converter = JsonTypeReflector.GetConverter(member, property.PropertyType);
 
 #if !PocketPC && !NET20
       DataContractAttribute dataContractAttribute = JsonTypeReflector.GetDataContractAttribute(member.DeclaringType);
@@ -353,13 +373,13 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       property.PropertyName = ResolvePropertyName(mappedName);
 
       if (propertyAttribute != null)
-        property.Required = propertyAttribute.IsRequired;
+        property.Required = propertyAttribute.Required;
 #if !PocketPC && !NET20
       else if (dataMemberAttribute != null)
-        property.Required = dataMemberAttribute.IsRequired;
+        property.Required = (dataMemberAttribute.IsRequired) ? Required.AllowNull : Required.Default;
 #endif
       else
-        property.Required = false;
+        property.Required = Required.Default;
 
       property.Ignored = (hasIgnoreAttribute ||
                       (contract.MemberSerialization == MemberSerialization.OptIn
@@ -380,6 +400,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       property.NullValueHandling = (propertyAttribute != null) ? propertyAttribute._nullValueHandling : null;
       property.DefaultValueHandling = (propertyAttribute != null) ? propertyAttribute._defaultValueHandling : null;
       property.ReferenceLoopHandling = (propertyAttribute != null) ? propertyAttribute._referenceLoopHandling : null;
+      property.ObjectCreationHandling = (propertyAttribute != null) ? propertyAttribute._objectCreationHandling : null;
       property.IsReference = (propertyAttribute != null) ? propertyAttribute._isReference : null;
 
       return property;
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DynamicValueProvider.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DynamicValueProvider.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4b3b5673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DynamicValueProvider.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#if !PocketPC
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Reflection;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
+using System.Globalization;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
+{
+  public class DynamicValueProvider : IValueProvider
+  {
+    private readonly MemberInfo _memberInfo;
+    private Func<object, object> _getter;
+    private Action<object, object> _setter;
+
+    public DynamicValueProvider(MemberInfo memberInfo)
+    {
+      ValidationUtils.ArgumentNotNull(memberInfo, "memberInfo");
+      _memberInfo = memberInfo;
+    }
+
+    public void SetValue(object target, object value)
+    {
+      try
+      {
+        if (_setter == null)
+          _setter = LateBoundDelegateFactory.CreateSet<object>(_memberInfo);
+
+        _setter(target, value);
+      }
+      catch (Exception ex)
+      {
+        throw new JsonSerializationException("Error setting value to '{0}' on '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _memberInfo.Name, target.GetType()), ex);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public object GetValue(object target)
+    {
+      try
+      {
+        if (_getter == null)
+          _getter = LateBoundDelegateFactory.CreateGet<object>(_memberInfo);
+
+        return _getter(target);
+      }
+      catch (Exception ex)
+      {
+        throw new JsonSerializationException("Error getting value from '{0}' on '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _memberInfo.Name, target.GetType()), ex);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/IValueProvider.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/IValueProvider.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..26278982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/IValueProvider.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
+{
+  public interface IValueProvider
+  {
+    void SetValue(object target, object value);
+    object GetValue(object target);
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonArrayContract.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonArrayContract.cs
index abe216bc..cdae6528 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonArrayContract.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonArrayContract.cs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     private bool _isCollectionItemTypeNullableType;
     private Type _genericCollectionDefinitionType;
     private Type _genericWrapperType;
-    private ConstructorInfo _genericWrapperConstructor;
+    private MemberHandler<object> _genericWrapperCreator;
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JsonArrayContract"/> class.
@@ -80,10 +80,16 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       if (_genericWrapperType == null)
       {
         _genericWrapperType = ReflectionUtils.MakeGenericType(typeof(CollectionWrapper<>), CollectionItemType);
-        _genericWrapperConstructor = _genericWrapperType.GetConstructor(new[] { _genericCollectionDefinitionType });
+
+        ConstructorInfo genericWrapperConstructor = _genericWrapperType.GetConstructor(new[] { _genericCollectionDefinitionType });
+#if !PocketPC
+        _genericWrapperCreator = LateBoundDelegateFactory.CreateMethodHandler(genericWrapperConstructor);
+#else
+        _genericWrapperCreator = (target, args) => genericWrapperConstructor.Invoke(new[] { args[0] });
+#endif
       }
 
-      return (IWrappedCollection)_genericWrapperConstructor.Invoke(new[] { list });
+      return (IWrappedCollection)_genericWrapperCreator(null, list);
     }
 
     private bool IsTypeGenericCollectionInterface(Type type)
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonContract.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonContract.cs
index b7adcb8d..6d819481 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonContract.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonContract.cs
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     /// <value>Whether this type contract is serialized as a reference.</value>
     public bool? IsReference { get; set; }
 
-    private static readonly StreamingContext SerializationStreamingContextParameter = new StreamingContext(StreamingContextStates.All);
+    private static readonly StreamingContext SerializationStreamingContextParameter = new StreamingContext();
     private static readonly object[] SerializationEventParameterValues = new object[] { SerializationStreamingContextParameter };
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the method called immediately after deserialization of the object.
     /// </summary>
@@ -79,11 +79,8 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     public MethodInfo OnSerializing { get; set; }
 #endif
 
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Gets or sets the default contstructor used to create the object.
-    /// </summary>
-    /// <value>The default contstructor.</value>
-    public ConstructorInfo DefaultContstructor { get; set; }
+    public Func<object> DefaultCreator { get; set; }
+    public bool DefaultCreatorNonPublic { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets or sets the method called when an error is thrown during the serialization of the object.
@@ -93,7 +90,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     internal void InvokeOnSerializing(object o)
     {
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
       if (OnSerializing != null)
         OnSerializing.Invoke(o, SerializationEventParameterValues);
 #endif
@@ -101,7 +98,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     internal void InvokeOnSerialized(object o)
     {
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
       if (OnSerialized != null)
         OnSerialized.Invoke(o, SerializationEventParameterValues);
 #endif
@@ -109,7 +106,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     internal void InvokeOnDeserializing(object o)
     {
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
       if (OnDeserializing != null)
         OnDeserializing.Invoke(o, SerializationEventParameterValues);
 #endif
@@ -117,7 +114,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     internal void InvokeOnDeserialized(object o)
     {
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
       if (OnDeserialized != null)
         OnDeserialized.Invoke(o, SerializationEventParameterValues);
 #endif
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonDictionaryContract.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonDictionaryContract.cs
index 73766bbf..7a345a9f 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonDictionaryContract.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonDictionaryContract.cs
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     internal Type DictionaryKeyType { get; private set; }
     internal Type DictionaryValueType { get; private set; }
 
-    private Type _genericCollectionDefinitionType;
+    private readonly Type _genericCollectionDefinitionType;
     private Type _genericWrapperType;
-    private ConstructorInfo _genericWrapperConstructor;
+    private MemberHandler<object> _genericWrapperCreator;
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="JsonDictionaryContract"/> class.
@@ -83,10 +83,16 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       if (_genericWrapperType == null)
       {
         _genericWrapperType = ReflectionUtils.MakeGenericType(typeof(DictionaryWrapper<,>), DictionaryKeyType, DictionaryValueType);
-        _genericWrapperConstructor = _genericWrapperType.GetConstructor(new[] { _genericCollectionDefinitionType });
+
+        ConstructorInfo genericWrapperConstructor = _genericWrapperType.GetConstructor(new[] { _genericCollectionDefinitionType });
+#if !PocketPC
+        _genericWrapperCreator = LateBoundDelegateFactory.CreateMethodHandler(genericWrapperConstructor);
+#else
+        _genericWrapperCreator = (target, args) => genericWrapperConstructor.Invoke(new[] { args[0] });
+#endif
       }
 
-      return (IWrappedDictionary)_genericWrapperConstructor.Invoke(new[] { dictionary });
+      return (IWrappedDictionary)_genericWrapperCreator(null, dictionary);
     }
 
     private bool IsTypeGenericDictionaryInterface(Type type)
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonObjectContract.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonObjectContract.cs
index 58256413..343f5cf8 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonObjectContract.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonObjectContract.cs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     public JsonObjectContract(Type underlyingType)
       : base(underlyingType)
     {
-      Properties = new JsonPropertyCollection();
+      Properties = new JsonPropertyCollection(this);
       CreatedType = underlyingType;
     }
   }
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonProperty.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonProperty.cs
index ae6efab6..0d57d3b8 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonProperty.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonProperty.cs
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #endregion
 
 using System.Reflection;
+using System;
 
 namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 {
@@ -39,10 +40,14 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     public string PropertyName { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Gets the member.
+    /// Gets the <see cref="IValueProvider"/> that will get and set the <see cref="JsonProperty"/> during serialization.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <value>The member.</value>
-    public MemberInfo Member { get; set; }
+    /// <value>The <see cref="IValueProvider"/> that will get and set the <see cref="JsonProperty"/> during serialization.</value>
+    public IValueProvider ValueProvider { get; set; }
+
+    public Type PropertyType { get; set; }
+
+    public JsonConverter Converter { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets a value indicating whether this <see cref="JsonProperty"/> is ignored.
@@ -77,8 +82,8 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets a value indicating whether this <see cref="JsonProperty"/> is required.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <value><c>true</c> if required; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</value>
-    public bool Required { get; set; }
+    /// <value>A value indicating whether this <see cref="JsonProperty"/> is required.</value>
+    public Required Required { get; set; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Gets a value indicating whether this property preserves object references.
@@ -105,5 +110,11 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     /// </summary>
     /// <value>The reference loop handling.</value>
     public ReferenceLoopHandling? ReferenceLoopHandling { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gets the property object creation handling.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <value>The object creation handling.</value>
+    public ObjectCreationHandling? ObjectCreationHandling { get; set; }
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonPropertyCollection.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonPropertyCollection.cs
index 0674b1aa..5178eef0 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonPropertyCollection.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonPropertyCollection.cs
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
   /// </summary>
   public class JsonPropertyCollection : KeyedCollection<string, JsonProperty>
   {
+    private readonly JsonObjectContract _contract;
+
+    public JsonPropertyCollection(JsonObjectContract contract)
+    {
+      ValidationUtils.ArgumentNotNull(contract, "contract");
+      _contract = contract;
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// When implemented in a derived class, extracts the key from the specified element.
     /// </summary>
@@ -63,7 +71,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
         if (!existingProperty.Ignored)
           throw new JsonSerializationException(
-            "A member with the name '{0}' already exists on '{1}'. Use the JsonPropertyAttribute to specify another name.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, property.PropertyName, property.Member.DeclaringType));
+            "A member with the name '{0}' already exists on '{1}'. Use the JsonPropertyAttribute to specify another name.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, property.PropertyName, _contract.UnderlyingType));
 
         // remove ignored property so it can be replaced in collection
         Remove(existingProperty);
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalReader.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalReader.cs
index 38f9f412..5b14a2de 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalReader.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalReader.cs
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.Globalization;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
+using System.Runtime.Serialization;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
 using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
 
@@ -56,7 +57,10 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
       if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartArray)
       {
-        PopulateList(CollectionUtils.CreateCollectionWrapper(target), reader, null, GetArrayContract(objectType));
+        if (contract is JsonArrayContract)
+          PopulateList(CollectionUtils.CreateCollectionWrapper(target), reader, null, (JsonArrayContract)contract);
+        else
+          throw new JsonSerializationException("Cannot populate JSON array onto type '{0}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType));
       }
       else if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartObject)
       {
@@ -75,7 +79,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
         else if (contract is JsonObjectContract)
           PopulateObject(target, reader, (JsonObjectContract) contract, id);
         else
-          throw new JsonSerializationException("Expected a JsonObjectContract or JsonDictionaryContract for type '{0}', got '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType, contract.GetType()));
+          throw new JsonSerializationException("Cannot populate JSON object onto type '{0}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType));
       }
     }
 
@@ -162,14 +166,14 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
             return CreateList(reader, objectType, existingValue, null);
           case JsonToken.Integer:
           case JsonToken.Float:
-          case JsonToken.String:
           case JsonToken.Boolean:
           case JsonToken.Date:
-            // convert empty string to null automatically
-            if (reader.Value is string &&
-              string.IsNullOrEmpty((string)reader.Value) &&
+            return EnsureType(reader.Value, objectType);
+          case JsonToken.String:
+            // convert empty string to null automatically for nullable types
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty((string)reader.Value) &&
               objectType != null &&
-              ReflectionUtils.IsNullable(objectType))
+              ReflectionUtils.IsNullableType(objectType))
               return null;
 
             return EnsureType(reader.Value, objectType);
@@ -183,7 +187,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
             if (objectType == typeof (DBNull))
               return DBNull.Value;
 
-            return null;
+            return EnsureType(reader.Value, objectType);
           case JsonToken.Comment:
             // ignore
             break;
@@ -297,7 +301,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
         return PopulateObject(existingValue, reader, (JsonObjectContract) contract, id);
       }
       
-      throw new JsonSerializationException("Expected a JsonObjectContract or JsonDictionaryContract for type '{0}', got '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType, contract.GetType()));
+      throw new JsonSerializationException("Cannot deserialize JSON object into type '{0}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType));
     }
 
     private JsonArrayContract GetArrayContract(Type objectType)
@@ -308,7 +312,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
       JsonArrayContract arrayContract = contract as JsonArrayContract;
       if (arrayContract == null)
-        throw new JsonSerializationException("Expected a JsonArrayContract for type '{0}', got '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType, contract.GetType()));
+        throw new JsonSerializationException("Cannot deserialize JSON array into type '{0}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, objectType));
 
       return arrayContract;
     }
@@ -345,23 +349,39 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     private object EnsureType(object value, Type targetType)
     {
-      // do something about null value when the targetType is a valuetype?
-      if (value == null)
-        return null;
-
       if (targetType == null)
         return value;
 
-      Type valueType = value.GetType();
+      Type valueType = ReflectionUtils.GetObjectType(value);
 
       // type of value and type of target don't match
       // attempt to convert value's type to target's type
       if (valueType != targetType)
-        return ConvertUtils.ConvertOrCast(value, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, targetType);
+      {
+        try
+        {
+          return ConvertUtils.ConvertOrCast(value, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, targetType);
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+          throw new JsonSerializationException("Error converting value {0} to type '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, FormatValueForPrint(value), targetType), ex);
+        }
+      }
 
       return value;
     }
 
+    private string FormatValueForPrint(object value)
+    {
+      if (value == null)
+        return "{null}";
+
+      if (value is string)
+        return @"""" + value + @"""";
+
+      return value.ToString();
+    }
+
     private void SetObjectMember(JsonReader reader, object target, JsonObjectContract contract, string memberName)
     {
       JsonProperty property;
@@ -388,19 +408,19 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
         return;
       }
 
-      // get the member's underlying type
-      Type memberType = ReflectionUtils.GetMemberUnderlyingType(property.Member);
-
       object currentValue = null;
       bool useExistingValue = false;
 
-      if ((Serializer.ObjectCreationHandling == ObjectCreationHandling.Auto || Serializer.ObjectCreationHandling == ObjectCreationHandling.Reuse)
+      ObjectCreationHandling objectCreationHandling =
+        property.ObjectCreationHandling.GetValueOrDefault(Serializer.ObjectCreationHandling);
+
+      if ((objectCreationHandling == ObjectCreationHandling.Auto || objectCreationHandling == ObjectCreationHandling.Reuse)
         && (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartArray || reader.TokenType == JsonToken.StartObject)
         && property.Readable)
       {
-        currentValue = ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(property.Member, target);
+        currentValue = property.ValueProvider.GetValue(target);
 
-        useExistingValue = (currentValue != null && !memberType.IsArray && !ReflectionUtils.InheritsGenericDefinition(memberType, typeof(ReadOnlyCollection<>)));
+        useExistingValue = (currentValue != null && !property.PropertyType.IsArray && !ReflectionUtils.InheritsGenericDefinition(property.PropertyType, typeof(ReadOnlyCollection<>)));
       }
 
       if (!property.Writable && !useExistingValue)
@@ -409,10 +429,10 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
         return;
       }
 
-      object value = CreateValue(reader, memberType, (useExistingValue) ? currentValue : null, JsonTypeReflector.GetConverter(property.Member, memberType));
+      object value = CreateValue(reader, property.PropertyType, (useExistingValue) ? currentValue : null, property.Converter);
 
       if (!useExistingValue && ShouldSetPropertyValue(property, value))
-        ReflectionUtils.SetMemberValue(property.Member, target, value);
+        property.ValueProvider.SetValue(target, value);
     }
 
     private bool ShouldSetPropertyValue(JsonProperty property, object value)
@@ -431,7 +451,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     private object CreateAndPopulateDictionary(JsonReader reader, JsonDictionaryContract contract, string id)
     {
-      IWrappedDictionary dictionary = contract.CreateWrapper(contract.DefaultContstructor.Invoke(null));
+      IWrappedDictionary dictionary = contract.CreateWrapper(contract.DefaultCreator());
 
       PopulateDictionary(dictionary, reader, contract, id);
 
@@ -486,7 +506,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
           if (reference != null && isTemporaryListReference)
             throw new JsonSerializationException("Cannot preserve reference to array or readonly list: {0}".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, contract.UnderlyingType));
 
-#if !PocketPC && !SILVERLIGHT
+#if !PocketPC
           if (contract.OnSerializing != null && isTemporaryListReference)
             throw new JsonSerializationException("Cannot call OnSerializing on an array or readonly list: {0}".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, contract.UnderlyingType));
 #endif
@@ -541,16 +561,19 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     private object CreateAndPopulateObject(JsonReader reader, JsonObjectContract contract, string id)
     {
-      object newObject;
+      object newObject = null;
 
       if (contract.UnderlyingType.IsInterface || contract.UnderlyingType.IsAbstract)
         throw new JsonSerializationException("Could not create an instance of type {0}. Type is an interface or abstract class and cannot be instantated.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, contract.UnderlyingType));
 
-      if (contract.DefaultContstructor != null &&
-        (contract.DefaultContstructor.IsPublic || Serializer.ConstructorHandling == ConstructorHandling.AllowNonPublicDefaultConstructor))
+      if (contract.DefaultCreator != null &&
+        (!contract.DefaultCreatorNonPublic || Serializer.ConstructorHandling == ConstructorHandling.AllowNonPublicDefaultConstructor))
       {
-        newObject = contract.DefaultContstructor.Invoke(null);
+        newObject = contract.DefaultCreator();
+      }
 
+      if (newObject != null)
+      {
         PopulateObject(newObject, reader, contract, id);
         return newObject;
       }
@@ -585,8 +608,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
             {
               if (!property.Ignored)
               {
-                Type memberType = ReflectionUtils.GetMemberUnderlyingType(property.Member);
-                propertyValues[property] = CreateValue(reader, memberType, null, property.MemberConverter);
+                propertyValues[property] = CreateValue(reader, property.PropertyType, null, property.MemberConverter);
               }
             }
             else
@@ -627,8 +649,11 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       // go through unused values and set the newly created object's properties
       foreach (KeyValuePair<JsonProperty, object> remainingPropertyValue in remainingPropertyValues)
       {
+        JsonProperty property = remainingPropertyValue.Key;
+        object value = remainingPropertyValue.Value;
+
         if (ShouldSetPropertyValue(remainingPropertyValue.Key, remainingPropertyValue.Value))
-          ReflectionUtils.SetMemberValue(remainingPropertyValue.Key.Member, createdObject, remainingPropertyValue.Value);
+          property.ValueProvider.SetValue(createdObject, value);
       }
 
       contract.InvokeOnDeserialized(createdObject);
@@ -639,8 +664,8 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
     {
       contract.InvokeOnDeserializing(newObject);
 
-      Dictionary<string, bool> requiredProperties =
-        contract.Properties.Where(m => m.Required).ToDictionary(m => m.PropertyName, m => false);
+      Dictionary<JsonProperty, RequiredValue> requiredProperties =
+        contract.Properties.Where(m => m.Required != Required.Default).ToDictionary(m => m, m => RequiredValue.None);
 
       if (id != null)
         Serializer.ReferenceResolver.AddReference(id, newObject);
@@ -657,8 +682,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
             if (!reader.Read())
               throw new JsonSerializationException("Unexpected end when setting {0}'s value.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, memberName));
 
-            // set required property even if null (matches WCF IsRequired behavour)
-            SetRequiredProperty(memberName, requiredProperties);
+            SetRequiredProperty(reader, memberName, contract, requiredProperties);
 
             try
             {
@@ -673,10 +697,12 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
             }
             break;
           case JsonToken.EndObject:
-            foreach (KeyValuePair<string, bool> requiredProperty in requiredProperties)
+            foreach (KeyValuePair<JsonProperty, RequiredValue> requiredProperty in requiredProperties)
             {
-              if (!requiredProperty.Value)
-                throw new JsonSerializationException("Required property '{0}' not found in JSON.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, requiredProperty.Key));
+              if (requiredProperty.Value == RequiredValue.None)
+                throw new JsonSerializationException("Required property '{0}' not found in JSON.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, requiredProperty.Key.PropertyName));
+              if (requiredProperty.Key.Required == Required.Always && requiredProperty.Value == RequiredValue.Null)
+                throw new JsonSerializationException("Required property '{0}' expects a value but got null.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, requiredProperty.Key.PropertyName));
             }
 
             contract.InvokeOnDeserialized(newObject);
@@ -692,24 +718,14 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       throw new JsonSerializationException("Unexpected end when deserializing object.");
     }
 
-    private void SetRequiredProperty(string memberName, Dictionary<string, bool> requiredProperties)
+    private void SetRequiredProperty(JsonReader reader, string memberName, JsonObjectContract contract, Dictionary<JsonProperty, RequiredValue> requiredProperties)
     {
-      // first attempt to find exact case match
-      // then attempt case insensitive match
-      if (requiredProperties.ContainsKey(memberName))
+      JsonProperty property = requiredProperties.Keys.ForgivingCaseSensitiveFind(p => p.PropertyName, memberName);
+      if (property != null)
       {
-        requiredProperties[memberName] = true;
-      }
-      else
-      {
-        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, bool> requiredProperty in requiredProperties)
-        {
-          if (string.Compare(requiredProperty.Key, requiredProperty.Key, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == 0)
-          {
-            requiredProperties[requiredProperty.Key] = true;
-            break;
-          }
-        }
+        requiredProperties[property] = (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null || reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Undefined)
+          ? RequiredValue.Null
+          : RequiredValue.Value;
       }
     }
 
@@ -724,5 +740,12 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
         reader.Read();
       }
     }
+
+    internal enum RequiredValue
+    {
+      None,
+      Null,
+      Value
+    }
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalWriter.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalWriter.cs
index 89cc76cc..38dd3e57 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalWriter.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/JsonSerializerInternalWriter.cs
@@ -168,34 +168,32 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
 
     private void WriteMemberInfoProperty(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonProperty property)
     {
-      MemberInfo member = property.Member;
       string propertyName = property.PropertyName;
       JsonConverter memberConverter = property.MemberConverter;
       object defaultValue = property.DefaultValue;
 
-      if (!ReflectionUtils.IsIndexedProperty(member))
+      object memberValue = property.ValueProvider.GetValue(value);
+
+      if (property.NullValueHandling.GetValueOrDefault(Serializer.NullValueHandling) == NullValueHandling.Ignore &&
+          memberValue == null)
+        return;
+
+      if (property.DefaultValueHandling.GetValueOrDefault(Serializer.DefaultValueHandling) ==
+          DefaultValueHandling.Ignore && Equals(memberValue, defaultValue))
+        return;
+
+      if (ShouldWriteReference(memberValue, property))
       {
-        object memberValue = ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(member, value);
-
-        if (property.NullValueHandling.GetValueOrDefault(Serializer.NullValueHandling) == NullValueHandling.Ignore && memberValue == null)
-          return;
-
-        if (property.DefaultValueHandling.GetValueOrDefault(Serializer.DefaultValueHandling) == DefaultValueHandling.Ignore && Equals(memberValue, defaultValue))
-          return;
-
-        if (ShouldWriteReference(memberValue, property))
-        {
-          writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName ?? member.Name);
-          WriteReference(writer, memberValue);
-          return;
-        }
-
-        if (!CheckForCircularReference(memberValue, property.ReferenceLoopHandling))
-          return;
-
-        writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName ?? member.Name);
-        SerializeValue(writer, memberValue, memberConverter);
+        writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName);
+        WriteReference(writer, memberValue);
+        return;
       }
+
+      if (!CheckForCircularReference(memberValue, property.ReferenceLoopHandling))
+        return;
+
+      writer.WritePropertyName(propertyName);
+      SerializeValue(writer, memberValue, memberConverter);
     }
 
     private bool CheckForCircularReference(object value, ReferenceLoopHandling? referenceLoopHandling)
@@ -260,10 +258,8 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
       if (TryConvertToString(value, contract.UnderlyingType, out s))
       {
         writer.WriteValue(s);
-
-#if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC
         contract.InvokeOnSerialized(value);
-#endif
+
         return;
       }
 
@@ -292,7 +288,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
-          if (IsErrorHandled(value, contract, property.Member.Name, ex))
+          if (IsErrorHandled(value, contract, property.PropertyName, ex))
             HandleError(writer, initialDepth);
           else
             throw;
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/ReflectionValueProvider.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/ReflectionValueProvider.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..61c323c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/ReflectionValueProvider.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Reflection;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities;
+using System.Globalization;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization
+{
+  public class ReflectionValueProvider : IValueProvider
+  {
+    private readonly MemberInfo _memberInfo;
+
+    public ReflectionValueProvider(MemberInfo memberInfo)
+    {
+      ValidationUtils.ArgumentNotNull(memberInfo, "memberInfo");
+      _memberInfo = memberInfo;
+    }
+
+    public void SetValue(object target, object value)
+    {
+      try
+      {
+        ReflectionUtils.SetMemberValue(_memberInfo, target, value);
+      }
+      catch (Exception ex)
+      {
+        throw new JsonSerializationException("Error setting value to '{0}' on '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _memberInfo.Name, target.GetType()), ex);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public object GetValue(object target)
+    {
+      try
+      {
+        return ReflectionUtils.GetMemberValue(_memberInfo, target);
+      }
+      catch (Exception ex)
+      {
+        throw new JsonSerializationException("Error getting value from '{0}' on '{1}'.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _memberInfo.Name, target.GetType()), ex);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/StreamingContext.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/StreamingContext.cs
index 3bede1d0..435be688 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/StreamingContext.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/StreamingContext.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#if PocketPC || SILVERLIGHT
+#if PocketPC
 #pragma warning disable 1591
 
 // This class is... borrowed from .NET and Microsoft for a short time.
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/DynamicWrapper.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/DynamicWrapper.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cb5bf2b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/DynamicWrapper.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+#if !SILVERLIGHT && !PocketPC
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Reflection.Emit;
+using System.Resources;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Globalization;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
+{
+  public class DynamicWrapperBase
+  {
+    internal protected object UnderlyingObject;
+  }
+
+  public static class DynamicWrapper
+  {
+    private static readonly object _lock = new object();
+    private static readonly WrapperDictionary _wrapperDictionary = new WrapperDictionary();
+
+    private static ModuleBuilder _moduleBuilder;
+
+    private static ModuleBuilder ModuleBuilder
+    {
+      get
+      {
+        Init();
+        return _moduleBuilder;
+      }
+    }
+
+    private static void Init()
+    {
+      if (_moduleBuilder == null)
+      {
+        lock (_lock)
+        {
+          if (_moduleBuilder == null)
+          {
+            AssemblyName assemblyName = new AssemblyName("Newtonsoft.Json.Dynamic");
+            assemblyName.KeyPair = new StrongNameKeyPair(GetStrongKey());
+
+            AssemblyBuilder assembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(assemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run);
+            _moduleBuilder = assembly.DefineDynamicModule("Newtonsoft.Json.DynamicModule", false);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] GetStrongKey()
+    {
+      using (Stream stream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("Newtonsoft.Json.Dynamic.snk"))
+      {
+        if (stream == null)
+          throw new MissingManifestResourceException("Should have a Newtonsoft.Json.Dynamic.snk as an embedded resource.");
+
+        int length = (int)stream.Length;
+        byte[] buffer = new byte[length];
+        stream.Read(buffer, 0, length);
+
+        return buffer;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public static Type GetWrapper(Type interfaceType, Type realObjectType)
+    {
+      Type wrapperType = _wrapperDictionary.GetType(interfaceType, realObjectType);
+
+      if (wrapperType == null)
+      {
+        wrapperType = GenerateWrapperType(interfaceType, realObjectType);
+        _wrapperDictionary.SetType(interfaceType, realObjectType, wrapperType);
+      }
+
+      return wrapperType;
+    }
+
+    public static object GetUnderlyingObject(object wrapper)
+    {
+      DynamicWrapperBase wrapperBase = wrapper as DynamicWrapperBase;
+      if (wrapperBase == null)
+        throw new ArgumentException("Object is not a wrapper.", "wrapper");
+
+      return wrapperBase.UnderlyingObject;
+    }
+
+    private static Type GenerateWrapperType(Type interfaceType, Type underlyingType)
+    {
+      TypeBuilder wrapperBuilder = ModuleBuilder.DefineType(
+          "{0}_{1}_Wrapper".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, interfaceType.Name, underlyingType.Name),
+          TypeAttributes.NotPublic | TypeAttributes.Sealed,
+          typeof(DynamicWrapperBase),
+          new[] { interfaceType });
+
+      WrapperMethodBuilder wrapperMethod = new WrapperMethodBuilder(underlyingType, wrapperBuilder);
+
+      foreach (MethodInfo method in interfaceType.AllMethods())
+      {
+        wrapperMethod.Generate(method);
+      }
+
+      return wrapperBuilder.CreateType();
+    }
+
+    public static T CreateWrapper<T>(object realObject) where T : class
+    {
+      var dynamicType = GetWrapper(typeof(T), realObject.GetType());
+      var dynamicWrapper = (DynamicWrapperBase)Activator.CreateInstance(dynamicType);
+
+      dynamicWrapper.UnderlyingObject = realObject;
+
+      return dynamicWrapper as T;
+    }
+  }
+
+  internal class WrapperMethodBuilder
+  {
+    private readonly Type _realObjectType;
+    private readonly TypeBuilder _wrapperBuilder;
+
+    public WrapperMethodBuilder(Type realObjectType, TypeBuilder proxyBuilder)
+    {
+      _realObjectType = realObjectType;
+      _wrapperBuilder = proxyBuilder;
+    }
+
+    public void Generate(MethodInfo newMethod)
+    {
+      if (newMethod.IsGenericMethod)
+        newMethod = newMethod.GetGenericMethodDefinition();
+
+      FieldInfo srcField = typeof(DynamicWrapperBase).GetField("UnderlyingObject", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
+
+      var parameters = newMethod.GetParameters();
+      var parameterTypes = parameters.Select(parameter => parameter.ParameterType).ToArray();
+
+      MethodBuilder methodBuilder = _wrapperBuilder.DefineMethod(
+          newMethod.Name,
+          MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual,
+          newMethod.ReturnType,
+          parameterTypes);
+
+      if (newMethod.IsGenericMethod)
+      {
+        methodBuilder.DefineGenericParameters(
+            newMethod.GetGenericArguments().Select(arg => arg.Name).ToArray());
+      }
+
+      ILGenerator ilGenerator = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator();
+
+      LoadUnderlyingObject(ilGenerator, srcField);
+      PushParameters(parameters, ilGenerator);
+      ExecuteMethod(newMethod, parameterTypes, ilGenerator);
+      Return(ilGenerator);
+    }
+
+    private static void Return(ILGenerator ilGenerator)
+    {
+      ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+    }
+
+    private void ExecuteMethod(MethodBase newMethod, Type[] parameterTypes, ILGenerator ilGenerator)
+    {
+      MethodInfo srcMethod = GetMethod(newMethod, parameterTypes);
+
+      if (srcMethod == null)
+        throw new MissingMethodException("Unable to find method " + newMethod.Name + " on " + _realObjectType.FullName);
+
+      ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, srcMethod);
+    }
+
+    private MethodInfo GetMethod(MethodBase realMethod, Type[] parameterTypes)
+    {
+      if (realMethod.IsGenericMethod)
+        return _realObjectType.GetGenericMethod(realMethod.Name, parameterTypes);
+
+      return _realObjectType.GetMethod(realMethod.Name, parameterTypes);
+    }
+
+    private static void PushParameters(ICollection<ParameterInfo> parameters, ILGenerator ilGenerator)
+    {
+      for (int i = 1; i < parameters.Count + 1; i++)
+        ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg, i);
+    }
+
+    private static void LoadUnderlyingObject(ILGenerator ilGenerator, FieldInfo srcField)
+    {
+      ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
+      ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, srcField);
+    }
+  }
+
+  internal class WrapperDictionary
+  {
+    private readonly Dictionary<string, Type> _wrapperTypes = new Dictionary<string, Type>();
+
+    private static string GenerateKey(Type interfaceType, Type realObjectType)
+    {
+      return interfaceType.Name + "_" + realObjectType.Name;
+    }
+
+    public Type GetType(Type interfaceType, Type realObjectType)
+    {
+      string key = GenerateKey(interfaceType, realObjectType);
+
+      if (_wrapperTypes.ContainsKey(key))
+        return _wrapperTypes[key];
+
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    public void SetType(Type interfaceType, Type realObjectType, Type wrapperType)
+    {
+      string key = GenerateKey(interfaceType, realObjectType);
+
+      if (_wrapperTypes.ContainsKey(key))
+        _wrapperTypes[key] = wrapperType;
+      else
+        _wrapperTypes.Add(key, wrapperType);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static class TypeExtensions
+  {
+    public static MethodInfo GetGenericMethod(this Type type, string name, params Type[] parameterTypes)
+    {
+      var methods = type.GetMethods().Where(method => method.Name == name);
+
+      foreach (var method in methods)
+      {
+        if (method.HasParameters(parameterTypes))
+          return method;
+      }
+
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    public static bool HasParameters(this MethodInfo method, params Type[] parameterTypes)
+    {
+      var methodParameters = method.GetParameters().Select(parameter => parameter.ParameterType).ToArray();
+
+      if (methodParameters.Length != parameterTypes.Length)
+        return false;
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < methodParameters.Length; i++)
+        if (methodParameters[i].ToString() != parameterTypes[i].ToString())
+          return false;
+
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    public static IEnumerable<Type> AllInterfaces(this Type target)
+    {
+      foreach (var IF in target.GetInterfaces())
+      {
+        yield return IF;
+        foreach (var childIF in IF.AllInterfaces())
+        {
+          yield return childIF;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    public static IEnumerable<MethodInfo> AllMethods(this Type target)
+    {
+      var allTypes = target.AllInterfaces().ToList();
+      allTypes.Add(target);
+
+      return from type in allTypes
+             from method in type.GetMethods()
+             select method;
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8d9d6956
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/LateBoundDelegateFactory.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+#if !PocketPC
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Reflection.Emit;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Globalization;
+
+namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
+{
+  internal static class LateBoundDelegateFactory
+  {
+    public static Func<T, object> CreateGet<T>(MemberInfo memberInfo)
+    {
+      PropertyInfo propertyInfo = memberInfo as PropertyInfo;
+      if (propertyInfo != null)
+        return CreateGet<T>(propertyInfo);
+
+      FieldInfo fieldInfo = memberInfo as FieldInfo;
+      if (fieldInfo != null)
+        return CreateGet<T>(fieldInfo);
+
+      throw new Exception("Could not create getter for {0}.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, memberInfo));
+    }
+
+    private static DynamicMethod CreateDynamicMethod(string name, Type returnType, Type[] parameterTypes, Type owner)
+    {
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = !owner.IsInterface
+        ? new DynamicMethod(name, returnType, parameterTypes, owner, true)
+        : new DynamicMethod(name, returnType, parameterTypes, (Module)null, true);
+
+      return dynamicMethod;
+    }
+
+    public static Action<T, object> CreateSet<T>(MemberInfo memberInfo)
+    {
+      PropertyInfo propertyInfo = memberInfo as PropertyInfo;
+      if (propertyInfo != null)
+        return CreateSet<T>(propertyInfo);
+
+      FieldInfo fieldInfo = memberInfo as FieldInfo;
+      if (fieldInfo != null)
+        return CreateSet<T>(fieldInfo);
+
+      throw new Exception("Could not create setter for {0}.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, memberInfo));
+    }
+
+    public static MemberHandler<object> CreateMethodHandler(MethodBase method)
+    {
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = CreateDynamicMethod(method.ToString(), typeof(object), new[] { typeof(object), typeof(object[]) }, method.DeclaringType);
+      ILGenerator generator = dynamicMethod.GetILGenerator();
+
+      ParameterInfo[] args = method.GetParameters();
+
+      Label argsOk = generator.DefineLabel();
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldlen);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4, args.Length);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Beq, argsOk);
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, typeof(TargetParameterCountException).GetConstructor(Type.EmptyTypes));
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Throw);
+
+      generator.MarkLabel(argsOk);
+
+      if (!method.IsConstructor)
+        generator.PushInstance(method.DeclaringType);
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
+      {
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldc_I4, i);
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldelem_Ref);
+
+        generator.UnboxIfNeeded(args[i].ParameterType);
+      }
+
+      if (method.IsConstructor)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, (ConstructorInfo)method);
+      else if (method.IsFinal || !method.IsVirtual)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo)method);
+      else
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, (MethodInfo)method);
+
+      Type returnType = method.IsConstructor
+        ? method.DeclaringType
+        : ((MethodInfo)method).ReturnType;
+
+      if (returnType != typeof(void))
+        generator.BoxIfNeeded(returnType);
+      else
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull);
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+
+      return (MemberHandler<object>)dynamicMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(MemberHandler<object>));
+    }
+
+
+    public static Func<object> CreateDefaultConstructor(Type type)
+    {
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = CreateDynamicMethod("Create" + type.FullName, typeof(object), Type.EmptyTypes, type);
+      dynamicMethod.InitLocals = true;
+      ILGenerator generator = dynamicMethod.GetILGenerator();
+
+      if (type.IsValueType)
+      {
+        generator.DeclareLocal(type);
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0);
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Box, type);
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        ConstructorInfo constructorInfo =
+          type.GetConstructor(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, null,
+                              Type.EmptyTypes, null);
+
+        if (constructorInfo == null)
+          throw new Exception("Could not get constructor for {0}.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, type));
+
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, constructorInfo);
+      }
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+
+      return (Func<object>)dynamicMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<object>));
+    }
+
+    public static Func<T, object> CreateGet<T>(PropertyInfo propertyInfo)
+    {
+      MethodInfo getMethod = propertyInfo.GetGetMethod(true);
+      if (getMethod == null)
+        throw new Exception("Property '{0}' does not have a getter.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
+                                                                                propertyInfo.Name));
+
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = CreateDynamicMethod("Get" + propertyInfo.Name, typeof(T), new[] { typeof(object) }, propertyInfo.DeclaringType);
+
+      ILGenerator generator = dynamicMethod.GetILGenerator();
+
+      if (!getMethod.IsStatic)
+        generator.PushInstance(propertyInfo.DeclaringType);
+
+      if (getMethod.IsFinal || !getMethod.IsVirtual)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, getMethod);
+      else
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod);
+
+      generator.BoxIfNeeded(propertyInfo.PropertyType);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+
+      return (Func<T, object>)dynamicMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<T, object>));
+    }
+
+    static void PushInstance(this ILGenerator generator, Type type)
+    {
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
+      if (type.IsValueType)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox, type);
+    }
+
+    static void BoxIfNeeded(this ILGenerator generator, Type type)
+    {
+      if (type.IsValueType)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Box, type);
+    }
+
+    static void UnboxIfNeeded(this ILGenerator generator, Type type)
+    {
+      if (type.IsValueType)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, type);
+    }
+
+    public static Func<T, object> CreateGet<T>(FieldInfo fieldInfo)
+    {
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = CreateDynamicMethod("Get" + fieldInfo.Name, typeof(T), new[] { typeof(object) }, fieldInfo.DeclaringType);
+
+      ILGenerator generator = dynamicMethod.GetILGenerator();
+
+      if (!fieldInfo.IsStatic)
+        generator.PushInstance(fieldInfo.DeclaringType);
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, fieldInfo);
+      generator.BoxIfNeeded(fieldInfo.FieldType);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+
+      return (Func<T, object>)
+          dynamicMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<T, object>));
+    }
+
+    public static Action<T, object> CreateSet<T>(FieldInfo fieldInfo)
+    {
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = CreateDynamicMethod("Set" + fieldInfo.Name, null, new[] { typeof(object), typeof(object) }, fieldInfo.DeclaringType);
+      ILGenerator generator = dynamicMethod.GetILGenerator();
+
+      if (!fieldInfo.IsStatic)
+        generator.PushInstance(fieldInfo.DeclaringType);
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
+      generator.UnboxIfNeeded(fieldInfo.FieldType);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, fieldInfo);
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+
+      return (Action<T, object>)dynamicMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Action<T, object>));
+    }
+
+    public static Action<T, object> CreateSet<T>(PropertyInfo propertyInfo)
+    {
+      MethodInfo getMethod = propertyInfo.GetSetMethod(true);
+      DynamicMethod dynamicMethod = CreateDynamicMethod("Set" + propertyInfo.Name, null, new[] { typeof(object), typeof(object) }, propertyInfo.DeclaringType);
+      ILGenerator generator = dynamicMethod.GetILGenerator();
+
+      if (!getMethod.IsStatic)
+        generator.PushInstance(propertyInfo.DeclaringType);
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_1);
+      generator.UnboxIfNeeded(propertyInfo.PropertyType);
+
+      if (getMethod.IsFinal || !getMethod.IsVirtual)
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Call, getMethod);
+      else
+        generator.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod);
+
+      generator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
+
+      return (Action<T, object>)dynamicMethod.CreateDelegate(typeof(Action<T, object>));
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/ReflectionUtils.cs b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/ReflectionUtils.cs
index 08fbb099..0b8329f9 100644
--- a/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/ReflectionUtils.cs
+++ b/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Utilities/ReflectionUtils.cs
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ using System.Globalization;
 
 namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
 {
+  internal delegate object MemberHandler<T>(T target, params object[] args);
+
   internal static class ReflectionUtils
   {
     public static Type GetObjectType(object v)
@@ -76,7 +78,10 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
 
     public static ConstructorInfo GetDefaultConstructor(Type t, bool nonPublic)
     {
-      BindingFlags accessModifier = (!nonPublic) ? BindingFlags.Public : BindingFlags.NonPublic;
+      BindingFlags accessModifier = BindingFlags.Public;
+      
+      if (nonPublic)
+        accessModifier = accessModifier | BindingFlags.NonPublic;
 
       return t.GetConstructor(accessModifier | BindingFlags.Instance, null, new Type[0], null);
     }
@@ -187,7 +192,40 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
       return false;
     }
 
-    
+    public static bool AssignableToTypeName(this Type type, string fullTypeName, out Type match)
+    {
+      Type current = type;
+
+      while (current != null)
+      {
+        if (current.FullName == fullTypeName)
+        {
+          match = current;
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        current = current.BaseType;
+      }
+
+      foreach (Type i in type.GetInterfaces())
+      {
+        if (i.Name == fullTypeName)
+        {
+          match = type;
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+
+      match = null;
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    public static bool AssignableToTypeName(this Type type, string fullTypeName)
+    {
+      Type match;
+      return type.AssignableToTypeName(fullTypeName, out match);
+    }
+
     public static bool InheritsGenericDefinition(Type type, Type genericClassDefinition)
     {
       Type implementingType;
@@ -361,7 +399,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
         case MemberTypes.Event:
           return ((EventInfo)member).EventHandlerType;
         default:
-          throw new ArgumentException("MemberInfo must be if type FieldInfo, PropertyInfo or EventInfo", "member");
+          throw new ArgumentException("MemberInfo must be of type FieldInfo, PropertyInfo or EventInfo", "member");
       }
     }
 
@@ -483,7 +521,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
       switch (member.MemberType)
       {
         case MemberTypes.Field:
-          return true;
+          return !((FieldInfo)member).IsInitOnly;
         case MemberTypes.Property:
           return ((PropertyInfo)member).CanWrite;
         default:
@@ -615,6 +653,9 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
 #if !PocketPC
        return Activator.CreateInstance(type, args);
 #else
+       if (type.IsValueType)
+         return Activator.CreateInstance(type);
+
        ConstructorInfo[] constructors = type.GetConstructors();
        ConstructorInfo match = constructors.Where(c =>
          {
@@ -635,7 +676,7 @@ namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Utilities
          }).FirstOrDefault();
 
        if (match == null)
-         throw new Exception("Could not create '{0}' with given parameters.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, args));
+         throw new Exception("Could not create '{0}' with given parameters.".FormatWith(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, type));
 
        return match.Invoke(args);
 #endif